Exploring the essential components of reading

Abstract

Teachers of adult learners of English as a second language (ESL) have increasingly encountered students with limited literacy skills in their native language and/or in English. Yet, many of these practitioners are not adequately equipped to meet the challenge of teaching reading, especially beginning reading skills. Although there is a paucity of empirical research on teaching reading to adult ESL students, a body of research does indicate that research-based strategies that are effective for native speakers of English are also beneficial for second language learners, provided that appropriate modifications are made. In 2000, the National Reading Panel pinpointed five essential components for success in reading for native speakers as well as ESL students. This article provides a description of these components accompanied by instructional considerations and recommendations for teaching reading to adult English language learners.